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Max Tegmark, a physicist/astronomer highly respected as an international expert on the nature of the universe, has argued that there must be parallel universes: other areas of space that are about the size of the universe that is visible to us and that are exact replicas of own visible universe. (The “visible universe” consists of a sphere around us whose farthest point is the longest distance from us that light has been able to travel during the 14 billion years since the Big Bang began everything.) Such a replica of our visible universe would have to contain “a person who is not you but who lives on a planet called earth, with misty mountains, fertile fields and sprawling cities. . . . The life of this person has been identical to yours in every respect.” The idea that there must be another area of space that is an exact copy of our visible universe—and that contains an exact copy of you—is required by the fact that astronomers have concluded that the entire cosmos—that is, everything that extends beyond our visible universe—is infinite and is uniformly filled with galaxies, stars, and planets like our own visible universe. A volume of space the size of own visible universe, if it were fully packed with matter, could contain only up to 10118 protons. In a different volume of space the same size, each of these protons may or may not, in fact, be present. Hence there are, at most, only 2 to the 10118 different possible arrangements of protons in a volume of space the size of our own visible universe. That means that, in a volume of space larger than 2 to the 10118 times the volume of our own visible universe, the arrangements of protons would have to start repeating. Beyond that huge volume, then, there would have to be a volume of space the size of our own visible universe that was, proton for proton, an exact copy of our own visible universe. Because observations of the cosmos indicate that it is infinite in volume, this means that somewhere in that infinite volume there must be an area of space the size of our own visible universe that is an exact replica of the volume of space we call our “visible universe” and that therefore includes an exact replica of you. QUESTIONS 1. Tegmark makes assumptions about what lies beyond the visible universe (the part of the universe that we cannot perceive with even the most powerful telescopes or any other instruments we could possibly invent). In what sense do you think such parallel universes are “real”? 2. What would a materialist, an idealist, a pragmatist, a phenomenologist, or a logical positivist probably have to say about the reality of these parallel universes? 3. Tegmark says his parallel universes are not part of the “domain of metaphysics” but belong to the “frontiers of physics.” What do you think he means by this? Do you agree?

 

 
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What is your reaction to the following claims of Alfred J. Ayer? It is impossible to find a criterion for determining the validity of ethical judgment[s] . . . because they have no objective validity whatsoever. If a sentence makes no statement at all, there is obviously no sense in asking whether what it says is true or false. . . . They are pure expressions of feeling . . . unverifiable for the same reason as a cry of pain or a word of command is unverifiable—because they do not express genuine propositions. What is the logical form of the categorical argument Ayer is proposing here? Is his argument valid? Is it sound?

 

 
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Apple and Samsung both conduct business with a corporation based out of China that manufactures headphones for their digital devices. Apple and Samsung do not know what contract terms the other has with the Chinese manufacturer. If Samsung executives negotiate a “most favored nations” clause on pricing relative to Apple in its contract with the Chinese manufacturer, then they will receive: Information about Apple’s pricing terms before each contract A price equal to Apple A price better than Apple A price at least as good as Apple A recent law that was passed by the State of California makes police officers retire at age 65, regardless of whether they want to continue working. If a group of police officers over the age of 65 challenge the law for discriminating against them on the basis of their age and the Court will use which of the following tests to evaluate the law? Intermediate Scrutiny Rational Basis Review Strict Scrutiny O Executive Scrutiny In California, any case between two individuals that exceeds $25,000 in damages is considered to be: A small claims case A limited civil case O An unlimited civil case A statutory damages case
 
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What are the standard lengths for international intermodal containers?

Select one:

A. 48ft and 53ft

B. 20ft and 40ft

C. 45ft and 53ft

D. 10ft and 60ft

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In intermodal freight transportation drayage refers to the:

Select one:

A. long distance movement of containers on flat cars

B. short distance movement of containerized cargo to and from a port by truck

C. none of the above

D. penalty payment for holing a container at the port beyond a certain time limit

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Which of the following statements is false with regards to intermodal transportation?

Select one:

A. Cargo travels under multiple carrier contracts

B. Cargo always moves in a container

C. Cargo travels over various modes

D. Cargo travels under one carrier contact

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Which intermodal freight option combines rail and truck transportation with truck trailers loaded atop railway flat cars?

Select one:

A. TEU

B. TOFC

C. COFC

D. LDU

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If you carry cargo by truck from point A to point B, the subsequent return movement from point B to point A is known as:

Select one:

A. line-haul movement

B. backhaul movement

C. consolidation

D. cabotage

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Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. VOCC is a company with its own fleet
  2. NVOCC is a company without its own fleet

Select one:

A. Both statements are false

B. Statement 1 is false, and Statement 2 is true

C. Statement 1 is true, and Statement 2 is false

D. Both statements are true

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Freight forwarders are businesses that consolidate small shipments from various customers into a single full load for a carrier to transport.

Select one:

True

False

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3DE+ is a 3D printing shop that provides printing services to its customers. The company owns and uses trucks to deliver products to its customer. The company also owns a warehouse to store inventory. This model can be described as:

Select one:

A. Fourth-party logistics

B. Second-party logistics

C. Third-party logistics

D. First-party logistics

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Vizoon is a new e-commerce retailer company. Vizoon is looking to outsource the order fulfillment process to a company that will receive inventory from Vizoon, store it if necessary, oversee e-commerce orders and deliver products to Vizoon customers. This model can be described as:

Select one:

A. Second-party logistics

B. First-party logistics

C. Third-party logistics

D. Fourth-party logistics

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Marathon Steel Ltd sent two pallets of cold-rolled steel to its customer – Bernard Constructions Ltd.
It can be concluded that:

Select one:

A. None of the above

B. The receiver of the goods is the consignor

C. The sender of the goods is the consignee

 
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