PHI 445 week 1 Discussion 1

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PHI 445 week 1 Discussion 1

This discussion assignment   requires you to submit at least four posts: an initial post, two reply   posts to fellow students in threads other than your own, and a revised post   in response to the professor’s feedback.

Prepare: The initial post in this discussion must be informed by   the required material for this discussion. Your preparation should focus on   three classical ethical theories that are fundamental in any ethical   analysis: utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Since the subject of   your examination is the Starbucks case, make sure to view the relevant   multimedia carefully with an eye toward the various ethical problems that   this company has had to confront.

Reflect: Keep in mind that although the notion of the moral good   will vary among ethical theories, they often produce the same or similar   results. So you should focus on the differences in (a) the intent and (b) the   consequences of the action under examination. In utilitarianism, for example,   the consequences of the action are weightier than the intent. Accordingly,   even if the intent was morally questionable, the action is nonetheless   morally good if it achieves good consequences for most. The opposite would be   the case if the action were being examined from a deontological point of   view. These reflections will aid your selection of an ethical theory for your   initial post, as well as your critical examinations of the analysis from   fellow students.

Write: Start your initial post by identifying two   characteristics of utilitarianism, two characteristics of virtue ethics, and   two characteristics of deontology. Organize this part of your post so that it   is clear which characteristics belong to which ethical theory. You can do   this by means of subtitles, or by presenting a table. You should aim to write   one complete and clear sentence for each characteristic rather than just one   or a few words.

Then, take the position that   Starbucks is guided by utilitarianism and analyze how the notion of the moral   good in utilitarianism leads to a unique approach to ethical problems. The   way to do this is as follows:

  • First, present an ethical        problem confronted by Starbucks. You can choose one such ethical problem        from the video.
  • Then, apply the        characteristics of utilitarianism that you identified for this        discussion in the attempt to solve this problem.
  • After this, analyze how the        notion of the moral good present in utilitarianism, and the        characteristics that you identified in particular, shape the approach to        solving this problem.

Revise: This is your chance to correct any oversights or errors   in your initial post, or show your improved understanding of the ethical   theories and their applications. Start by reading the feedback provided by   your professor to your initial post, either directly to you or to your fellow   students. Use this as an opportunity to learn from your professor, especially   with regard to the best ways to apply the course material and your research   to your analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in this process, post   an improved revision of your initial post that applies the additional   knowledge that you have gained.

Remember that your grade depends   on the quality of your initial and revised responses, not just on the   submission of an attempt at improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post   the best initial post you can and then to also improve that best effort as   much as you can through revision. Taking this process seriously will help you   develop the skills you need to do well on the final project.

Requirements for Your Initial   Post:

  • Your initial post should be        at least 400 words in lengthand have citations and references in        APA notation. It should address the prompt in its entirety. This means        that you should not split your response to the prompt in multiple posts.        Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a combination        that demands time and thought, so give yourself sufficient time to draft        and revise.
  • Please be advised that until        you post, you will not see what your fellow students are posting. Once        you submit your post, you will be able to view the posts from your other        classmates. You can then proceed to reply to at least two different        threads based on the required material for this discussion on virtue        ethics and deontology.
  • Your list of references for        your initial post should include the video and the other required        material for this discussion, including Section 1.3 of the textbook on        Starbucks, as well as the Instructor Guidance and any other        announcements presented to you by your professor. Use all of the        material presented to you in the course and by your professor, in        addition to any other sources that you consulted to inform yourself        about Starbucks (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
  • Your initial post for this        discussion should be submitted no later than the end of Thursday        (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time). 

Requirements for Replies to Other   Threads:

  • At least two of the four        posts required should be in the form of replies to fellow classmates in        threads other than your own.
  • Each of your replies should        be at least 200 words and informed by the course material. As such, the replies must        have citations and references in APA notation. Your list of references        for each reply should include all of the course material that has        informed your reply, in addition to any research that you have obtained        on your own.
  • One of your replies should        identify the notion of the moral good in deontology and compare that to the        account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow        student’s post. Analyze how these different notions of the moral good        lead to different approaches with regard to how to address the problem        even if, ultimately, the result turns out to be the same or similar.
  • In your second reply, you        should identify the notion of the moral good in virtue ethics and compare and discuss that        to the account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow        student’s post. Analyze how these different notions of the moral good        lead to different approaches with regard to how to address the problem        even if, ultimately, the result turns out to be the same or similar.
  • Your replies should focus on        the specific examination presented by your fellow student and should        include an examination of whether or not the characteristics of the        ethical theory were identified well, and whether or not their        application and analysis were also carried out successfully. Providing        such an examination is not an attack on your fellow student but an        attempt to work together with your fellow student toward the better        understanding of the ethical theories employed, as well as their        application.

Requirements for Revising   your Initial Post:

  • Submit a revision of your        initial post by either replying to your own post, or to the feedback        provided to you by your professor.
  • There is no minimum word        requirement for your revised initial post. But you should always explain        the reasons for revising your post so that it is clear what you are        doing. If you are revising only a few words, or an application of an        ethical theory, you should avoidsubmitting a post with vague language        such as: “duty ethics works better here” or “I did not consider that the        end does not justify the means.” It is important to recognize that no        one can read your mind so you need to provide the setting for your        revision (Why? What prompted it? What course material informed you?),        and it is important to write in clear language and complete sentences.
  • Consider your revised initial        post as your chance to correct any oversights or errors in your initial        post, or to show your improved understanding of the material and its applications        to the case at hand. You may, for example, come to the realization that        your conclusion did not take into account important factors necessary        for your evaluation of the situation.
  • You should maximize the        improvement of your initial post by employing your professor’s feedback        as a guide. Keep in mind that you may        not always receive direct feedback from your professor. But your        professor will have submitted feedback in the discussion to other posts.        So read your professor’s feedback whether it is addressed to you        directly or to other fellow students. This will give you much to think        about and apply to your own post.
  • If your professor or a fellow        classmate responds to your revised initial post, and on this basis, you        find good reason to submit yet another revision (in addition to a        revision that you may have already submitted), then by all means do so.        Keep in mind that four posts is the minimum, not the maximum number of        posts that you may submit. The more you improve your initial post, the        more you will benefit both in terms of your learning and most likely        your grade.
 
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Research paper

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Research paper

 

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PHI 445 week 2 Discussion 1

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PHI 445 week 2 Discussion 1

This discussion assignment   requires you to submit at least four posts: an initial post, two reply   posts to fellow students in threads other than your own, and a revised post.

Prepare: Your initial post in this discussion must be informed by   the required material for this discussion. The required material for this   discussion will introduce you to what is new about Uber as a business model,   the profit incentive in business, and how laws can make or break innovation   in business. Your preparation should focus on the characteristics of   capitalism and socialism, as well as other business concepts presented in the   required material. Since your initial post in this discussion will examine   the relation between running a business such as Uber and the laws and   economic system of the nation(s) in which it operates, make sure to comb the   material on Uber for laws, regulations, and the economic setting that affect   its operations. You are encouraged to research relevant laws and regulations   to make sure that you have current information. You will also need to review   the material on the three ethical theories employed in the Week One   Discussion as you will draw from that material for this week’s discussion   too.

Reflect: Keep in mind that Uber has presented itself into the   market not as a transportation service but as a service that pairs consumers   with ride sharing services by means of a unique phone app. But some   sources—including the taxi industry and one California court finding (details   in the required material), as well as the characterization of Uber presented   in Section 3.4 of the textbook—seem to challenge this branding. According to   these sources, Uber is avoiding laws that apply to the transportation   industry and, thereby, usurping a rightful place that the taxi industry has   carved for itself. Consumers, on the other hand, have shown their preference   for Uber by a high demand for its services in the USA and abroad, including   those countries in which Uber has been banned. Compared to taxis, Uber offers   consumers an efficient system for procuring a ride even in remote areas where   taxis do not frequent, a convenient payment method (no need for cash, and   fares can be split among different users on the same ride), and significantly   cheaper fares compared to taxis. In many instances, Uber cars come equipped   with water, candy, and magazines, all for free. Uber drivers are also better   off because they keep the majority of the fares for the rides that they   service, which is exactly the opposite case of taxi drivers, and they can   choose when they want to work. Clearly, this is a controversial case and thus   very apt for the examination for this discussion.

Keep in mind that a nation’s   economic system is shaped by the laws that are in place. Accordingly, laws   (including state regulations and local ordinances) will give you a clue for   the kind of economic system that exists. Keep in mind also that most nations   have mixed economies and there is probably no economic system that purely   represents socialism or capitalism. So you will find a different combination   of both socialism and capitalism in any nation that you are examining.

Write: You have four tasks for your initial post. In order to   present an organized post, address each one of these tasks in a separate   paragraph and in the following order. Your first task is to articulate the   economic system (or combination of characteristics of both socialism and   capitalism) that such laws depict. Your second task is to examine the laws   that either support or limit the operations by Uber. Your third task is to   analyze how your findings from your first and second tasks affect Uber. And   your fourth task is to present your moral position with regard to Uber. For   this latter task, you will need to identify one of the three ethical theories   covered in the Week One (utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics) as   support for the moral position that you are taking. For example, you may hold   the moral position that Uber is morally justifiable because it provides a   good for consumers that fills in a gap that had not been met by the taxi   industry. Or you may take the position that Uber’s positioning in the market   is morally wrong.

Revise: Read the feedback provided by your professor to your   initial post, either directly to you or to your fellow students. Use this as   an opportunity to learn from your professor, especially with regard to the   best ways to apply the course material and your research to your analysis. On   the basis of what you have learned in this process, post an improved revision   of your initial post that applies the additional knowledge that you have   gained.

Remember that your grade depends   on the quality of your initial and revised responses, not just on the   submission of an attempt at improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post   the best initial post you can and then to also improve that best effort as   much as you can through revision. Taking this process seriously will help you   develop the skills you need to do well on the Final Project.

Requirements for Your Initial Post:

  • Your initial post should be        at least 400 words in length and have citations and references in APA        notation. It should address the prompt in its entirety. This means        that you should not split your response to the prompt in multiple posts.        Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a        combination that demands time and thought, so give yourself sufficient        time to draft and revise.
  • Please be advised that until        you post, you will not see what your fellow students are posting. Once        you submit your post, you will be able to view the posts from your other        classmates. You can then proceed to reply to at least two different        threads based on the required material for this discussion.
  • Your list of references for        your initial post should include the video and the other required        material for this discussion, including Section 1.3 of the textbook on        Starbucks, as well as the Instructor Guidance and any other        announcements presented to you by your professor. Use all of the        material presented to you in the course and by your professor, in        addition to any other sources that you consulted to inform yourself about        the case (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
  • Your research should seek        scholarly articles or articles that offer factual or otherwise        verifiable information. Your initial post for this discussion should be        submitted no later than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain        time).

Requirements for Replies to Other   Threads:

  • At least two of the four        posts required should be in the form of replies to fellow classmates in        threads other than your own.
  • Each of your replies should        be at least 200 words, and informed by the course material. As such, the replies must        have citations and references in APA notation. Your list of references        for each reply should include all of the course material that has        informed your reply, in addition to any research that you have obtained        on your own.
  • Your replies should focus on        the specific examination presented by your fellow students. Address (a)        the characteristics of the relevant economic system as presented by your        fellow student, (b) the analysis of how laws and/or the economic system        affect Uber, as presented by your fellow student, or (c) the        moral judgment presented by your fellow student. For any of these        choices, you should examine whether the examination or analysis was        carried out accurately and successfully. You are encouraged to disagree        and challenge what was presented by your fellow student. This does not        constitute an attack on your fellow student but an attempt to arrive at        a better understanding and application of the material. But you need to        provide reasons and support for your disagreement or challenge and        propose a more accurate or defensible alternative.
  • As mentioned in the Week One        discussion, keep in mind that although the notion of the moral good will        vary among ethical theories, they often produce the same or similar        results. So make sure to distinguish (a) the intent and (b) the        consequences of the action under examination.

Requirements for Revising   Your Initial Post:

  • Submit a revision of your        initial post by either replying to your own post or to the feedback        provided to you by your professor.
  • There is no minimum word        requirement for your revised initial post. But you should always explain        the reasons for revising your post so that it is clear what you are        doing. If you are revising only a few words, or an application of an        ethical theory, you should avoid submitting a post with vague language        such as: “duty ethics works better here” or “I did not consider the        economic system.” It is important to recognize that no one can read your        mind so you need to provide the setting for your revision (Why? What        prompted it? What course material informed you?), and it is important to        write in clear language and complete sentences.
  • Your revised initial post is        your chance to correct any oversights or errors in your initial post, or        to show your improved understanding of the material and its applications        to the case at hand. You may, for example, come to the realization that        another ethical theory is better than the one that you initially        employed to support your position. Accordingly, your revision should        indicate that you chose another ethical theory and an explanation why        you find the replacement more suitable. Or, you might have realized that        your conclusion did not take into account important factors necessary        for your evaluation of the situation.
  • You should maximize the        improvement of your initial post by employing your professor’s feedback        as a guide. Keep in mind that you may        not always receive direct feedback from your professor. But your        professor will have submitted feedback in the discussion to other posts.        So read your professor’s feedback whether it is addressed to you        directly or to other fellow students. This will give you much to think        about and apply to your own post.
  • If your professor or a fellow        classmate responds to your revised initial post, and on this basis, you        find good reason to submit yet another revision, then by all means do        so. The more you improve your initial post, the more you will benefit        both in terms of your learning and most likely your grade.
 
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Instruments Measuring Resiliency discussion

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Instruments Measuring Resiliency discussion

Imagine that some of your colleagues mention using cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and reality therapy. Your colleagues continue to say that based on their experiences, they really like these therapies and that they appear to work. Your instincts also tell you that perhaps they might be helpful for your client in your case study. However, from Week 1, you recall that experiences and instincts as sources of knowledge are quite limited because they are biased. Instead, it is important to utilize existing research and data to support your choices of interventions. Theory helps inform the evidence-based practice process that should guide social workers’ practice.


In this Discussion, you examine the research related to a therapy based on cognitive or cognitive behavior theory to determine its effectiveness.


To prepare:

  • Recall the client from the case study you have been using in this course. You will apply your research for this Discussion to that client.Select one therapy from the following: cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, or reality therapy.Conduct a search in the Walden Library for one peer-reviewed research study about the effectiveness of the therapy you selected.
    • Note: You must select a study that has not already been used by a colleague in the Discussion. Each student is required to identify a unique research study.
    Remember when looking for studies to take into account your client’s age and developmental stage and presenting problem.


By Day 3

Post:

  • Provide the reference for the study you found using APA guidelines.Briefly paraphrase, in 2 to 3 sentences, the methodological context (i.e., research method, how data was collected, and the instruments used) of the study and the findings.Evaluate the findings in terms of its applicability or appropriateness for the client in your case study.Determine whether you would use or not use the therapy you selected for the client in your selected case study (consider how culturally relevant it is, how aligned it is with social work ethics, etc.) and explain why.


Required Readings

Turner, F. J. (Ed.). (2017). Social work treatment: Interlocking theoretical approaches (6th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Chapter 4: Cognitive Behavior Theory and Social Work Treatment (pp. 54–79)
Chapter 5: Cognitive Theory and Social Work Treatment (pp. 80–95)
González-Prendes, A. A., & Thomas, S. A. (2009). Culturally sensitive treatment of anger in African American women: A single case study. Clinical Case Studies, 8(5), 383–402. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1177/1534650109345004

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Graham, M. A., Sauerheber, J. D., & Britzman, M. J. (2013). Choice theory and family counseling: A pragmatic, culturally sensitive approach. Family Journal, 21(2), 230–234. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1177/1066480712466538

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Document: Worksheet: Dissecting a Theory and Its Application to a Case Study (Word document)
Document: Theory Into Practice: Four Social Work Case Studies (PDF)

Required Media

Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2014). Counseling and psychotherapy theories in context and practice [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.psychotherapy.net.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/stream/waldenu/video?vid=277

This week, watch the “Behavioral Therapy” and “Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy” segments by clicking the applicable links under the “Chapters” tab.

Note: You will access this video from the Walden Library databases.

Optional Resources

Gregory, V. L. (2010). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bipolar disorder: implications for clinical social workers. Journal of Social Service Research, 36(5), 460–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2010.510950
Gregory, V. L. (2010). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for schizophrenia: applications to social work practice. Social Work in Mental Health, 8(2), 140–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332980902791086
Pössel, P., & Knopf, K. (2011). Bridging the gaps: An attempt to integrate three major cognitive depression models. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 35(4), 342–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9325-z
(Only read pp. 342–344)
Hinton, D. E., & Pollack, M. H. (2009). Introduction to the special issue: Anxiety disorders in cross-cultural perspective. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 15(3), 207–209. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2009.00097.x
Robey, P., Burdenski, T. K., Britzman, M., Crowell, J., & Cisse, G. S. (2011). Systemic applications of choice theory and reality therapy: An interview with Glasser Scholars. The Family Journal, 19(4), 427–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480711415038

 
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