Psychology assignment 2551

   Discussion #1.In the language of social psychology, prosocial behaviors are those that promote the well-being of members of society and society as a whole, such as cooperation, fairness, helping, and forgiveness. Antisocial behavior is behavior that is dismissive or harmful to others. Aggression and violence are part of antisocial behavior; however, antisocial behavior also includes behaviors such as cheating, lying, littering, and stealing (Baumeister & Bushman, 2014). search for and select one recent advertisement (from television, billboard, or other advertising media) that depicts prosocial behavior and one that depicts antisocial behavior. Use these ads as the foundation for your discussion. · Describe or identify the advertisements you selected. You can provide a link to them if they are accessible from the Internet. · Describe the prosocial behaviors you observed in the video clips and the ad you selected. Describe the antisocial behaviors you observed in the video clips and the ad you selected. Apply at least one theory or concept from social psychology to explain the factors (individual and social) that influence a person’s decision to behave prosocially or antisocially. Examine how media can play a role in promoting prosocial behavior. Discussion #2.Elizabeth Loftus (2003), a memory researcher from the University of California, Irvine, is interested in repressed and false memories, especially those related to eyewitness testimonies. She says: The malleability of memory is becoming increasingly clear. Many influences can cause memories to change or even be created anew, including our imaginations and the leading questions or different recollections of others. The knowledge that we cannot rely on our memories, however compelling they might be, leads to questions about the validity of criminal convictions that are based largely on the testimony of victims or witnesses. Our scientific understanding of memory should be used to help the legal system to navigate this minefield (p. 231). According to Huff (2002), every year 7500 Americans are convicted of crimes they did not commit. Loftus (2003) offers two anecdotes to make the point: · Ronald Cotton, a North Carolina prisoner who was convicted in 1986 of raping a 22-year-old college student, Jennifer Thompson, puts a human face on these cases. Thompson took the stand, put her hand on the Bible, and swore to tell the truth. On the basis of her testimony, Cotton was sentenced to prison for life. Eventually, DNA testing—which began 11 years after Thompson had first identified Cotton—proved his innocence. · Another man, Bobby Poole, pleaded guilty to the crime. Faulty memory is not just about picking the wrong person. Memory problems were also evident during the sniper attacks that killed ten people in the Washington, DC area in 2002. Witnesses reported seeing a white truck or van fleeing several of the crime scenes. It seems that a white vehicle might have been near one of the first shootings and media repetition of this information contaminated the memories of witnesses to later attacks, making them more likely to remember white trucks. When caught, the sniper suspects were driving a blue car. Were we observing unwitting memory contamination on a nationwide scale? (p. 231).  Discuss whether or not a person should be sent to prison based on eyewitness testimony alone. What are the pros and cons of eyewitness testimony?  What are your thoughts on influences on memory including suggestibility and repressed memories Discussion #3.Without memory, learning is impossible. As we have discussed, memory helps you recall important events, what you ate for dinner, your childhood favorite songs, and what your best friend looks like and sounds like. Memory makes us who we are. For this discussion, apply and integrate your knowledge by identifying strategies involving memory that you have found helpful in studying for exams (such as mnemonic devices, elaborative and maintenance rehearsal, or sufficient sleep): · Describe your specific memory strengths and weaknesses related to studying and give an example. · Describe the tasks you used to test your memory after studying for the exam. · What affects your ability to retrieve information from memory on exam day? Please include the following in your response: · Refer to and integrate ideas presented in the text and any supplemental readings. · Cite outside resources if necessary to make your point. · Follow APA style guidelines for citations and references.    

 

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