Alcohol Abuse

BIO 1015 Week 4 Assignment 1 Discussion Question (***** Both Questions Answered + APA Format + Original Work + References ******)

 

Question 1

 

Alcohol Abuse

 

 

Mr. Wilko is a 40-year-old salesperson with a wife and three teenage children. He has recently begun to have a beer at lunch and a few drinks after work to reduce his work-related stress. An economic downturn in the housing industry has reduced the need for new home appliances and his income and sales record has been affected. Several other salespeople have been laid off at his firm. He has been told that if his sales and attendance records do not improve he will be fired. He and his wife are constantly arguing about finances and the children’s increasing demands for money. His drinking has increased to several beers at lunch and continued drinking after dinner. When he returns to work with alcohol on his breath, he is dismissed from his job. He continues to consume alcohol during the day as he attempts a job search. His wife is very concerned, as are his teenage children.

  • Mr. Wilko states he is a social drinker and “can stop at any time.” How accurate is his self-assessment? his self -assessment is not accurate for the simple fact that he considers himself a social drinker he is in denial that depression has set in.
  • What stressors are present in Mr. Wilko’s case? anxiety,depression
  • Why does Mr. Wilko continue to increase his alcohol intake? to surpress the feelings on depression or fear of losing his job he feels as if he continues to increase his drinking it will subside the feelings that he is having
  • What changes in liver function can Mr. Wilko expect if he continues to drink large amounts of alcohol? his liver function
  • Mr. Wilko complains to his wife that all the stress is causing “indigestion.” How do stress and alcohol consumption affect GI function?
  • Why is Mr. Wilko at greater risk of trauma? because he is consuming way too much alcohol at an increasing rate above normal which can lead to gastritis as well as pancreatitis

 

 

Question 2

 

Gastrointestinal Disorders Case

 

A 50-year-old man has been suffering from substernal pain for the last 5 months, particularly on waking up in the morning. He lost his job a year ago and was suffering from depression. He consumes about 12–16 cans of beer every day. He has lost his appetite too and says that eating aggravates pain.

  • Is this acute or chronic gastritis?  Chronic gastritis
  • What factors may lead to the development of gastritis? Loss of appetite black or tarry stools upset stomach depression
  • What investigation should be performed?
  • How can the patient be treated?

 

BIO 1015 Week 4

Week 4 assignments pathophysiology

 

 

 
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Micro Discussion Week 6

Required Resources

Read/review the following resources for this activity:

  • Textbook: Chapter 18, 19, 20
  • Weekly Concepts

Initial Post Instructions

Some microorganisms like Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Yesinia pestis, E. coli can cause diseases of different body systems. Let’s investigate how the same pathogen is responsible for different pathophysiological symptoms. First, choose a microorganism found in multiple systems. Then, describe your pathogen’s role in disease for one body system: report the disease caused, the normal function of that system, pathophysiological symptoms, and the virulence factor(s) that contribute(s) to the diseased state.

or

Viral skin diseases like smallpox were among the first diseases to be eradicated through vaccination program, but now we see more outbreaks of measles, mumps and polio diseases for which we have vaccinations. Why do you think some diseases are appearing again? What is your understanding about diseases like malaria and Ebola, and can we eradicate these through vaccination programs? What is the role of CDC in controlling the spread of these communicable diseases and their treatment?

Follow-Up Post Instructions

Respond to at least one peer or the instructor. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification.

Writing Requirements

  • Minimum of 2 posts (1 initial & 1 follow-up)
  • Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source)
  • APA format for in-text citations and list of references

Answer 1: 

Hello Professor and Class,

Viral skin diseases were eradicated through vaccination programs, however, I believe they are resurfacing such as Smallpox, Poliomyelitis (polio), malaria, and hookworm for reasons such as parents/ guardians not vaccinating a child or it can also be because of travelers reintroducing the diseases. The World Health Organization, a United Nations specialized agency in charge of universal public health, reported that the rise in measles is a direct result of anti-vaccination movements (WHO 2020). According to the CDC, you can help prevent your child from as many as 14 diseases before the age of 2!

Malaria is an endemic in West Africa (Cowan 2017), caused by a microorganism that is spread by mosquitoes and kills between 440,000 and 700,000 people worldwide each year. Since mosquitoes are most aggressive in the nighttime, the safest way for inhabitants of developed countries to prevent infection with the malaria-causing agent is to sleep under a bed net (Cowan 2017). According to the CDC (2020), “Africa is the most affected due to a combination of factors: A very efficient mosquito (Anopheles gambiae complex) is responsible for high transmission. The predominant parasite species is Plasmodium falciparum , which is the species that is most likely to cause severe malaria and death.”

Fun Fact (but no so fun): Before the time of antibiotics, doctors reasoned that patients who had syphilis should be treated with malaria, in which the high temperature would kill the relatively fragile bacterium, and then they could cure the patient of the malaria with quinine. It performed on occasion; of course, once antibiotics became available, this practice became obsolete. Being infected with malaria has been used to also treat patients with HIV (1990’s), and even more recently, Lyme Disease (Cowan 2017).

Ebola is a virus (that was seen more in Africa although other countries have had cases as well) that can cause extensive bleeding, organ failure, and even death; unfortunately on the rise. Ebola has a high death rate, and other diseases which can cause long-term disabilities such as polio, neonatal rubella. By contact with body fluids such as blood, humans will transmit the virus to other humans. Fever, fatigue, body pain, and chills are among the first symptoms. Internal bleeding can occur later, resulting in bloody vomiting or coughing. According to the CDC (2020), “Factors like population growth, encroachment into forested areas, and direct interaction with wildlife (such as bushmeat consumption) may have contributed to the spread of the Ebola virus. Since its discovery in 1976, the majority of cases and outbreaks of Ebola Virus Disease have occurred in Africa.”

There are currently no vaccines for malaria or ebola.      

The CDC is in charge of preventing the development and transmission of infectious diseases, as well as providing advice and support to other countries and foreign organizations in order to help them improve their disease prevention and control, environmental protection, and health promotion efforts.

 
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Bio 105 MDC & LDC Populations Worksheet

Name: _______________________________

MDC and LDC Populations Worksheet

 

Demography is the statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size, density, distribution, and vital statistics (relating to births, deaths, marriages, health and disease, etc). In making population projections for different countries, demographers look at the profile of the countries’ residents. They ask: What are the ages of the people? How many are men? How many are women? Using this information, they construct “population pyramids” (a.k.a. age histograms) like the ones the class will use in this activity. These graphs illustrate the configuration of a country’s population as shaped by 70 to 80 years of economic, political and natural events.

 

Procedure:

You will find information about the populations of two counties; the Unites States and one other county picked from a list on the last page.

Note you will collect this data and must upload it to the Q&A forum on the class web page BY FRIDAY

 

Counties Assigned = USA and ____________________________

 

Log onto the web and go to International Data Base (IDB) part of the www.census.gov site

(The url is http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/informationGateway.php )

Select “Demographic Overview” in the select report drop down menu on the left.

Select the country from the drop down menu on the right and click submit at the bottom of the

page.

Use the data to answer the questions on this page below.

Use your browser to go back one page and change the “select report” drop down menu to

“Population Pyramid Graph”. (Make sure you still have the correct country listed)

Right click on the graph so you can copy it and then past it at the end of this worksheet.

Repeat for your second country.

 

Using the information from the internet for this year, fill out the tables for both of your countries

 

  UNITED STATES fill in country name
What is the Crude Birth Rate?    
What is the Crude Death Rate?    
What is the life expectancy at birth?    
What is the infant mortality rate?    
What is the Total Fertility Rate (FTR)?    
What is the growth rate today?    
What is the doubling time for the population?

(You will have to work this out so look at the population lecture!)

Show your math work!

 

   

 

 

Still on the International Data Base (IDB) site

(The url is http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/informationGateway.php )

Select “Population By Five Year Age Groups” in the Select Report drop down menu on the left.

Select the country from the drop down menu on the right and click submit at the bottom of the

page.

Add up the numbers in the “both sexes population” column to find the values needed in the table below. Once you have the population size of each category you can calculate the % of the population made up by that age group using the following calculation:

 

(Population size for the age group ÷ total population size) X 100 = % of population

Calculate this information and add the results to complete the table below.

 

Repeat your for second country

 

  UNITED STATES   fill in country name
Age Group Population size for both Sexes % of population   Population size for both Sexes % of population
0-14   Pre-Reproductive     Pre-Reproductive
15-44   Reproductive     Reproductive
45-80+   Post-Reproductive     Post-Reproductive
  TOTAL POPULATION SIZE     TOTAL POPULATION SIZE  

 

 

Upload ALL of the numbers (the data on page one and page two for the worksheet) you found for your second country to the Q & A forum. You do not need to upload the numbers for the USA.

 

 

Once you have looked at all of the data collected by the class answer the following questions

Discussion Questions.

 

Use the Q&A forum to talk to your classmates and find the answers the following questions.

 

1. Which 2 countries have the fastest growth rate? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

2. Which 2 countries have the slowest growth rate? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

3. Which 2 countries have the highest TFR? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

4. Which 2 countries have the lowest TFR? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

5. Which 2 countries have the largest percentage of pre-reproductive individuals within their population? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

6. Which 2 countries have the largest percentage of post-reproductive individuals within their population? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

7. Which 2 countries have the longest life expectancy? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

8. Which 2 countries have the highest infant mortality rate? Are they MDC’s or LDC’s?

 

 

9. What is the relation between the following and population growth rate:

a) Infant mortality rate.

 

 

b) % Pre-reproductive individuals.

 

 

 

c) % Post reproductive individuals.

 

 

d) TFR

 

 

 

e) MDC’s and LDC’s.

 

 

 

Turn in this worksheet by the due date.

MDC LDC ICA Country List

 

Angola

 

Haiti

 

Australia

 

Japan

 

Austria

 

Laos

 

Bangladesh

 

New Zealand

 

Botswana

 

Niger

 

Burundi

 

Norway

 

Cameroon

 

Rwanda

 

Central African Republic

 

Sudan

 

Chad

 

Sweden

 

China

 

Switzerland

 

Congo

 

Uganda

 

Cote d’Ivoire

 

Yemen

 

Denmark

 

Luxembourg

 

Eritrea Mozambique

 

Finland

 

Korea North

 

 
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BIO – INET Lab Genetics Worksheet Report Tempate

INET Lab
Genetics Worksheet Report Template
Student:
Email:
Date:

For each correctly conducted genetics problem, you receive 5 points for a maximum 20 points.  All Punnett squares must
be shown.
1. There are 3 alleles controlling the ABO blood types. IA and IB are codominant genes so that the combination IAIB
produces the AB blood type. The third allele, (i) is recessive to the other two alleles.  Show your work for each cross.
Indicate which of these parents could produce the given child.
The first one is provided with answers as an example.
(HINT: Do not forget that a heterozygous versus a homozygous blood type may yield different results. )
a)

Parent
A x AB

Child
IB
B

IA

IA

IA IA

IA IB

IA

IA IA

IA IB

IA

IB

IA

IA IA

IA IB

i

IA i

IB i

Produce Child of Type?

No

Produce Child of Type?

© Access Learning Systems

2

b)

Parent

Child

A x O

A

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

© Access Learning Systems

3
c)

Parent

Child

A x B

O

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

d)

Parent

Child

A x AB

O

© Access Learning Systems

4

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

© Access Learning Systems

5
e)

Parent

Child

B x B

O

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

Produce Child of Type?

f)

Parent

Child

AB x AB

A

Produce Child of Type?

© Access Learning Systems

6
2. The allele for albinism (a) is recessive to the allele for normal pigmentation (A). A normally pigmented  woman whose
father is an albino marries an albino man whose parents are normal. They have three children, two normal and one
albino. Give the genotypes for each person listed. Prove your answer.

8

Maternal Grandmother
Father

6

9

Maternal Grandfather

Mother
Child 1

8

7

Paternal Grandmother

5

6

Paternal Grandfather

7

5

4

1

4

3

Relationship

3

2

#
2

1

Child 2

9

Genotype(s)

Child 3

a) Show the cross of the paternal grandparents.

(HINT: What must their genotypes be to produce and albino child? )

b) What are the possible genotypes of the maternal grandmother?

© Access Learning Systems

7

© Access Learning Systems

8
Show the cross of the mother and father.

3. In horses, black coat color is influenced by the dominant allele (B), and chestnut coat color by the recessive allele (b).
a) What color horse would you use to find out the genotype of a black trotter?

b) Give the genotype and phenotype. Show your work and discuss the reason you would know the genotype of the
black horse.

Possible Allele Pairings with Homozygous Dominant Trotter

F1 offspring probabilities:

Possible Allele Pairings with Heterozygous Trotter

F1 offspring probabilities:

Reasoning:

© Access Learning Systems

9
4. In Drosophila, the fruit fly, white eyes are determined by a recessive X­linked gene, and the wild­type or normal brick­
red eyes are due to its dominant allele. Use symbols of the following types: X rY = a white­eyed male; XRXR = a
homozygous normal red female.
a) What offspring can be expected from a cross of a white­eyed male and a homozygous normal female?

b) Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F1 offspring.
F1 Cross

F1 offspring probabilities:
Male

Female

Red­Eyed
White­Eyed

c) Now, cross the F1 offspring.  Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F 2 offspring.
F2 Cross

F2 offspring probabilities:
Male
Red­Eyed
White­Eyed

Female

INET Lab

Genetics Worksheet Report Template

1

 

© Access Learning Systems

 

Student:

Email:

Date:

 

 

 

For each correctly conducted genetics problem, you receive 5 points for a maximum 20 points. All Punnett squares must be shown.

 

1. There are 3 alleles controlling the ABO blood types. IA and IB are codominant genes so that the combination IAIB produces the AB blood type. The third allele, (i) is recessive to the other two alleles. Show your work for each cross.

 

Indicate which of these parents could produce the given child.

 

The first one is provided with answers as an example.

(HINT: Do not forget that a heterozygous versus a homozygous blood type may yield different results.)

 

a) Parent Child
  A x AB B

 

 

  IA IB
IA IA IA IA IB
IA IA IA IA IB
  IA IB
IA IA IA IA IB
i IA i IB i

 

 

Produce Child of Type? No
Produce Child of Type? Yes

 

b) Parent Child
  A x O A

 

 

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

Produce Child of Type?  
Produce Child of Type?  

 

 

 

c) Parent Child
  A x B O

 

 

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

Produce Child of Type?  
Produce Child of Type?  

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

Produce Child of Type?  
Produce Child of Type?  

 

 

d) Parent Child
  A x AB O

 

 

 

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

Produce Child of Type?  
Produce Child of Type?  

 

 

 

e) Parent Child
  B x B O

 

 

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

Produce Child of Type?  
Produce Child of Type?  

 

     
     
     

 

Produce Child of Type?  

 

 

 

f) Parent Child
  AB x AB A

 

 

 

 

     
     
     

 

 

Produce Child of Type?  

 

 

2. The allele for albinism (a) is recessive to the allele for normal pigmentation (A). A normally pigmented woman whose father is an albino marries an albino man whose parents are normal. They have three children, two normal and one albino. Give the genotypes for each person listed. Prove your answer.

 

 

 

# Relationship Genotype(s)
1 Paternal Grandfather  
2 Paternal Grandmother  
3 Maternal Grandfather  
4 Maternal Grandmother  
5 Father  
6 Mother  
7 Child 1  
8 Child 2  
9 Child 3  

 

3 4 1 2 5 6 7 9 8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a) Show the cross of the paternal grandparents.

(HINT: What must their genotypes be to produce and albino child?)

 

 

 

     
     
     

 

 

 

b) What are the possible genotypes of the maternal grandmother?

 

 

 

     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

 

c) Show the cross of the mother and father.

 

 

 

     
     
     

 

 

 

3. In horses, black coat color is influenced by the dominant allele (B), and chestnut coat color by the recessive allele (b).

 

a) What color horse would you use to find out the genotype of a black trotter?

6

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

b) Give the genotype and phenotype. Show your work and discuss the reason you would know the genotype of the black horse.

 

 

Possible Allele Pairings with Homozygous Dominant Trotter

 

     
     
     

 

 

F1 offspring probabilities:
 

 

 

Possible Allele Pairings with Heterozygous Trotter

 

     
     
     

 

 

F1 offspring probabilities:
 

 

 

 

Reasoning:

4

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

4. In Drosophila, the fruit fly, white eyes are determined by a recessive X-linked gene, and the wild-type or normal brick-red eyes are due to its dominant allele. Use symbols of the following types: XrY = a white-eyed male; XRXR = a homozygous normal red female.

 

a) What offspring can be expected from a cross of a white-eyed male and a homozygous normal female?

6

 

 

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

b) Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F1 offspring.

 

 

F1 Cross

 

     
     
     

 

 

F1 offspring probabilities:
  Male Female
Red-Eyed    
White-Eyed    

 

 

 

c) Now, cross the F1 offspring. Show the genotypes and list the phenotypes of the F2 offspring.

 

 

F2 Cross

 

     
     
     

 

 

F2 offspring probabilities:
  Male Female
Red-Eyed    
White-Eyed    
 
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