Philosophy3

Required Reading: Plato’s “Crito”

This reading follows the trial of Socrates as it was conferred by Plato’s Apology.  Socrates is visited in prison by his lifelong friend, Crito – for whom the dialogue is named – awaiting his death sentence. Begin this discussion board by reviewing “Socrates and the Law: Argument in an Athenian Jail” (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Only concern yourself with the “Learning Objectives” in the “Lesson Plans” section of this link. Then review the following video after you have completed reading the Crito -> Socratic Citizenship: Plato, Crito (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Explain whether we should accept Socrates’s argument to stay in prison, rejecting Crito’s proposal to escape and live. Does Socrates provide a sound argument for fulfilling his social contract with the Laws of Athens? Or, does Socrates have a greater obligation to preserve his own life through escaping?

Recommended Reading: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: “Plato’s Shorter Ethical Works – Section 12 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

 
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Discussion: Psychological Aspects of Aging

Discussion – Week 7

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Discussion: Psychological Aspects of Aging

What does it mean to age “successfully”? Though the concept of success is relative, theories of successful aging explain factors that support individuals as they grow old. Factors such as maintaining physical and mental activity and disengaging from community obligations contribute to older adults’ ability to function. As a social worker, you must understand these supportive factors in order to address the needs of older clients and their families.

As you will see in this week’s media, situations involving Alzheimer’s or dementia, interpersonal conflict, and grief can complicate the process of successful aging. For this Discussion, you review one of two case studies involving an older woman and apply a theory of successful aging to the case.

By 01/14/2021
Respond to two colleagues who chose a different case and/or theory than you did. State whether you agree with your colleague’s strategy for applying the theory to the case. Justify your response and suggest one additional way your colleague might support the client’s psychological well-being.

I pick Sarah for my case attached.

Use the Learning Resources to support your posts. Make sure to provide APA citations and a reference list.

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Follow rubric

Initial Posting: Content

14.85 (49.5%) – 16.5 (55%)

Initial posting thoroughly responds to all parts of the Discussion prompt. Posting demonstrates excellent understanding of the material presented in the Learning Resources, as well as ability to apply the material. Posting demonstrates exemplary critical thinking and reflection, as well as analysis of the weekly Learning Resources. Specific and relevant examples and evidence from at least two of the Learning Resources and other scholarly sources are used to substantiate the argument or viewpoint.

Follow-Up Response Postings: Content

6.75 (22.5%) – 7.5 (25%)

Student thoroughly addresses all parts of the response prompt. Student responds to at least two colleagues in a meaningful, respectful manner that promotes further inquiry and extends the conversation. Response presents original ideas not already discussed, asks stimulating questions, and further supports with evidence from assigned readings. Post is substantive in both length (75–100 words) and depth of ideas presented.

Readability of Postings

5.4 (18%) – 6 (20%)

Initial and response posts are clear and coherent. Few if any (less than 2) writing errors are made. Student writes with exemplary grammar, sentence structure, and punctuation to convey their message.

This what I wrote about Sarah case. need to compare it to the other 2 colleagues with a different case.

I have chosen to analyze Sarah’s case in this discussion. She has a lot of complications, as seen in the case study and these complications and diseases come with old age. When one is old, the immune system is compromised and weak, so they have a high risk of getting any infections (DC. Park & SB. Festini, 2016). The body and the immune system tend to be weak, and they can easily get any infections. Many theories have been developed to explain the aging of individuals and how they make humans immunocompromised. One of the theories is programmed longevity. This theory considers aging as a result of a given sequential witching of on and off of some genes that one might have (DC. Park & SB. Festini, 2016).

This explains how one gets immunocompromised when a gene that is supposed to fight against disease is closed, and there is an attack; they cannot get the required protection. She stays with her daughter, who also suffers from many other things like depression and is even thinking of committing suicide. As a social worker, you must understand the theories that explain aging. You use the knowledge in the treatment plan and the intervention plan for the recovery process and taking care of Sara (DC. Park & SB. Festini, 2016).

This knowledge is also necessary if you use it to educate the daughter on why Sara is having more diseases and complications. Tell her about the possible ways she can get help to focus on helping the mother, who is old and has numerous sicknesses that are disturbing her. Sara also has an anxiety disorder (DC. Park & SB. Festini, 2016).

References

Park, D. C., & Festini, S. B. (2017). Theories of memory and aging: A look at the past and a glimpse of the future. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 72(1), 82-90. academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article/72/1/82/2631933?login=true

Respond Colleagues 1: MARLA GUADAMUZ 

RE: Discussion

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Discussion Psychological Aspects of Aging

Identify whether you have chosen to analyze Sara’s or Francine’s case for the Discussion.

I have chosen Francine’s case for this week 7 discussion.

Explain key life events that have influenced Sara’s or Francine’s psychological functioning. Be sure to substantiate what makes them key in your perspective.

Francine is 70years old her partner has passed away of cancer, and their partnership lasted for 30 years. Francine was always afraid of coming out to her friends and family (Walden University, LLC, 2021). Therefore, Francine’s partner Joan was always presented to her close friends as her best friend or roommate because of fear that others would reject her if they knew she was a lesbian (Walden University, LLC, 2021). She is suffering the loss of her beloved long-time partner, and she has no one to talk to. Francine had battled alcoholism in her mid-30’s, and there is also a family history (Walden University, LLC, 2021). Francine is alone with no one to talk to and no one to understand her sorrow for her partner’s death. Francine’s depression, lack of enjoyment for her daily life, loneliness, and isolation are concerning, so she sought help (Walden University, LLC, 2021).

Explain how you as a social worker might apply a theory of successful aging to Sara’s or Francine’s case. Be sure to provide support for your strategy.

As Francine’s social worker, I would apply the activity theory social reconstruction theory to help them in their process of successful aging (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2019). Francine’s depression and alcoholism due to the loss of her partner Joan will help her strengthen her mood by keeping her busy, with physical activities suggested with the activity theory (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2019). The reconstruction theory will provide Francine with a sense of self-worth, social services to help with her everyday chores and give her creative ways, so she feels in control of her life (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2019). Francine feels lonely and isolated; perhaps having someone come over to her home and clean it will help her feel more useful (Zastrow & Kirst-Ashman, 2019). She can also go to AA meetings and find a sport that she enjoys helping her ease her depression due to the grieving she has been enduring.

Reference

Walden University, LLC. (2021). Social work case studies [Interactive media].

https://class.waldenu.edu

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L. (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Cengage Learning.

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Respond Colleagues 2: Kenchelle Wells 

RE: Discussion – Week 7

Top of Form

Identify whether you have chosen to analyze Sara’s or Francine’s case for the discussion

I have chosen Francine for the discussion

Explain key life events that have influenced Sara’s or Francine’s psychological functioning. Be sure to substantiate what makes them key in your perspective.

The key life events that have influenced Francine’s psychological functioning are her alcohol consumption, her relationship with Joan, and the fact that she had never been married. As a younger adult Francine had trouble with alcohol and had it under control until she lost her partner Joan. Instead of dealing with the problem she chose to self-medicate, which is never a good choice. Francine’s relationship with Joan also had a major influence on her psychological functioning. Since their relationship was a secret to not just Joan’s family but her friends as well, she was never able to grieve properly. Francine had to hide a lot of her emotions she was feeling and grieve as though she had just lost a roommate or friend. This stopped her from being her true self to those she loved. The third event was the fact that Francine never married or had kids. Not marrying or having kids left her in an isolated state when Joan died. She didn’t have anyone to go to or to look after her the way kids would have.

Explain how you as a social worker might apply a theory of successful aging to Sara’s or Francine’s case. Be sure to provide support for your strategy.

The theory that I would apply is the activity theory. “The activity theory asserts that the more physically and mentally active people are, the more successfully they will age” (Zastrow et al, 2019 pp. 683). When a person is physically and mentally active, they feel better about themselves physiologically, psychologically, and intellectually. Francine’s social worker had already applied the activity theory to her by getting her to spend time with her family and friends, LGBTQ center among other things. She also began to volunteer at the local library once a week (Walden University, 2021).

Walden University, LLC. (2021). Social work case studies [Interactive media]. https://class.walden.edu

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L. (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Cengage Learning.

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Connecting Knowledge And Research

 

SOCW 6200: Human Behavior and the Social Environment I Week 8

Assignment: Connecting Knowledge and Research

In order to provide the appropriate intervention, social workers first need to have conducted a thorough assessment. Having a comprehensive understanding of a client and their social environment, including the influence of racism and ethnocentrism, allows a social worker to accurately identify the presenting problems and help the client develop goals to address their needs. Not completing a full assessment may result in inaccurately identifying the presenting problem and pushing goals on the client to which they do not agree. A good assessment is the best foundation for treatment planning.

In addition, evidence based practice requires social workers to use the best available evidence to inform their practice decisions. This assignment helps you prepare for the final project by beginning to identify the presenting problem and possible goals, as well as beginning the research process to inform your treatment recommendations when working with the identified client in a case study.

To prepare: Conduct research in the Walden library to locate at least 1 peer-reviewed scholarly resource(s) that could inform your assessment or intervention with the case you plan to use in your final project.

By Day 7 07/24/2021

Submit a 2-3 page paper in APA format 7  in which you:

Identify the case you will be using for the final project

(  Working With Immigrants and Refugees: The Case of Aaron)

Describe the presenting problem(s)

Describe 2 goals for the client based on their presenting problem

Identify a specific peer-reviewed article and explain how it could inform understanding of the problem/population, development of goals, or intervention and treatment plan

Explain how ethnocentrism and racism may influence the case (make sure to draw from this week’s assigned readings)

 

Working With Immigrants and Refugees: The Case of Aaron

Working With Immigrants and Refugees: The Case of Aaron

Aaron is a 24-year-old, unmarried, heterosexual, Caribbean immigrant male who is experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Aaron reports no history of mental health treatment nor any medical or legal problems. He admits to social drinking but denies use of illegal substances. He lives alone in a room he rents above the restaurant where he works. He works 24 hours a week as a waiter, has few friends, and is a part-time student at a local university where he is working on an undergraduate degree in biology. Aaron came to speak with me, a university counselor, because he is having difficulty concentrating and finding the motivation to study. Aaron denied any thoughts or plans of suicide or homicide and stated he felt hopeless and nervous.

In the first session, Aaron struggled with sustaining eye contact, presented as preoccupied, and was indifferent to the attempts to engage him in the intake process. When asked what he thought precipitated counseling, Aaron said that he had a difficult relationship with his parents who, he stated, “are not supportive and could care less” about him. He also reported that his younger brother was killed not long ago. When asked what he wanted to work on in counseling, he said that he wanted to address why his family was so “messed up.” Subsequent sessions explored Aaron’s perspective on his family, the strained relationship between Aaron and his parents, and the loss of his sibling.

During one session, Aaron said his parents had always favored his younger brother and overlooked his criminal involvement, which had been a source of conflict between Aaron and his parents for years. While it had not been confirmed, Aaron suspected his brother’s death was related to gang involvement. Aaron shared that his academic interests and achievement had been ignored by his parents and had never been a source of interest for them.

In a subsequent session, Aaron stated that he had always felt disconnected and different from his parents and brother. Aaron’s family immigrated to the United States from Guyana when Aaron was 8 years old and his brother was 2 years old. His parents brought only his brother and left Aaron with his grandmother, informing him they would bring him over when they were settled. Seven years later, at the age of 15, he joined his family. Aaron reported that reuniting with his family after all that time was difficult. Aaron had always felt rejected by his parents because they did not bring him to the United States with his brother. He experienced a void in his relationship with his parents and his brother, and he felt there was an unspoken alliance between his parents and his younger brother that he did not share. Aaron said that he was often made fun of by them for not losing his accent and for his use of their culture’s traditions and customs. They also ridiculed him for being homesick and missing his grandmother. He said that his parents rarely attended the West Indian activities he participated in, and when they did, they spent more time critiquing his performance than enjoying it.

In the following sessions, Aaron was encouraged to tell the story of his family and how the immigration process disrupted their connections with one another and how this may have affected their ability to grieve together as they faced the death of his brother. Using genograms and having Aaron educate me about his country, I was better able to understand his family’s immigration history and the roles played by extended family members. This approach allowed Aaron to talk more about how and when his anxiety and depression manifested. Later I learned that these symptoms had always been mildly present but became more acute after the death of his brother. Aaron grieved the loss of a brother and examined his feelings of loss around his relationship with parents who were both limited in their ability to include him in their own grieving processes.

After several sessions, Aaron was able to talk more openly about his frustration and disappointment with his family and identify the losses they had all incurred. He allowed himself the opportunity to grieve his brother and the lack of relationship with his parents and began to consider the possibility of a new relationship with them. Aaron reported a reduction in his feelings of anxiety and depression and resumed interest in his academic work. Aaron and I discussed termination at the end of the semester with a recommendation that he continue with individual therapy in the summer months.

Working With Immigrants and Refugees:The Case of Aaron

1.What specific intervention strategies (skills, knowledge, etc.) did you use to address this client situation?

I used support, active listening, reflection, reframing, and validation with the client, and I recognized the importance of structure, reliability, and predictability of the social worker in the therapeutic alliance.

2.Which theory or theories did you use to guide your practice?

I used family systems theory, multicultural family theories, and attachment theory.

3.What were the identified strengths of the client(s)?

The client’s strengths included his ability to verbalize and his desire for change and relief. He was also insightful and intelligent and had good judgment.

4.What were the identified challenges faced by the client(s)?

The client was poor and had limited support systems. He was manifesting anxiety and depressive symptoms and was somewhat isolated.

5.What were the agreed-upon goals to be met to address the concern?

We agreed to address family estrangement, grief, and loss, and to work toward a reduction of acute anxious and depressive symptoms.

6.Did you have to address any issues around cultural competence? Did you have to learn about this population/group prior to beginning your work with this client system? If so, what type of research did you do to prepare?

I needed to learn about the growing number of fractured families in the Caribbean immigrant experience. It was important to recognize the role of point of entry for immigrant groups with respect to culture and developmental stage of life and to recognize that structural and cultural oppression was present in the client’s experience with his family and the family experience as immigrants.

7.How would you advocate for social change to positively affect this case?

Perhaps some family intervention in high school or at age 15 would have been of benefit.

8.Is there any additional information that is important to the case?

The client was resourceful in developing alliances and supports when able (i.e., college professor who referred him, employer).

9.Describe any additional personal reflections about this case.

The level of disenfranchisement experienced by the client is underdiscussed. Immigration issues of older adolescents and young adults are distinct, particularly when coupled with reintegration with family.

Follow Rubric Detail

Responsiveness to Directions

13.5 (27%) – 15 (30%)

Assignment fully addresses all instruction prompts.

Content

18 (36%) – 20 (40%)

Paper demonstrates an excellent understanding of all of the concepts and key points presented in the text(s) and Learning Resources. Paper provides significant detail including multiple relevant examples, evidence from the readings and other sources, and discerning ideas. Paper demonstrates exemplary critical thought.

Writing

13.5 (27%) – 15 (30%)

Assignment is well organized, uses scholarly tone, follows APA style, uses original writing and proper paraphrasing, contains very few or no writing and/or spelling errors, and is fully consistent with graduate level writing style. Assignment contains multiple, appropriate and exemplary sources expected/required for the assignment.

Required Readings

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L.  (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

  • Chapter 5,      “Ethnocentrism and Racism” (pp. 233-281)

Melchert, T. P. (2015). Treatment planning. In Biopsychosocial practice: A science-based framework for behavioral health care (pp. 183-209). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

Cristol, D., & Gimbert, B. (2008). Racial perceptions of young children: A review of literature post-1999. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(2), 201–207

Priest, N., Paradies, Y., Trenerry, B., Truong, M., Karlsen, S., & Kelly, Y. (2013). A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people. Social Science & Medicine, 95, 115–127.

Svetaz, M. V., Chulani, V., West, K. J., Voss, R., Kelley, M. A., Raymond-Flesch, M., … & Barkley, L. (2018). Racism and its harmful effects on nondominant racial–ethnic youth and youth-serving providers: A call to action for organizational change: The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(2), 257-261.

Link for all articles:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1BgSevpeEtvMOMWuF0wXWwsCke7e9CtX1?usp=sharing

Week 8: Ethnocentrism and Racism: Impact on Development

Social workers should act to prevent and eliminate domination of, exploitation of, and discrimination against any person, group, or class on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, political belief, religion, or mental or physical disability.

—The National Association of Social Worker’s Code of Ethics (1999)

The development of adolescent minorities can be adversely affected when they are confronted with prejudice, discrimination, and oppression. It is nearly impossible for one to grow up with a sense of self-concept intact in a society that labels one inferior. Trying to establish one’s identity and place in the world becomes a burdensome challenge when surrounded by attitudes and behaviors that limit the ability to develop in socially and psychologically healthy ways. This week you examine the impact that ethnocentrism and racism have on the development of adolescents.

References

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L.  (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

SOCW 6200: Human Behavior and the Social Environment I Week 8

 

Assignment: Connecting Knowledge and Research

 

In order to provide the appropriate intervention, social workers first need to have conducted a thorough assessment. Having a comprehensive understanding of a client and their social environment, including the influence of racism and ethnocentrism, allows a social worker to accurately identify the presenting problems and help the client develop goals to address their needs. Not completing a full assessment may result in inaccurately identifying the presenting problem and pushing goals on the client to which they do not agree. A good assessment is the best foundation for treatment planning.

 

In addition, evidence based practice requires social workers to use the best available evidence to inform their practice decisions. This assignment helps you prepare for the final project by beginning to identify the presenting problem and possible goals, as well as beginning the research process to inform your treatment recommendations when working with the identified client in a case study.

 

To prepare: Conduct research in the Walden library to locate at least 1 peer-reviewed scholarly resource(s) that could inform your assessment or intervention with the case you plan to use in your final project.

 

By Day 7 07/24/2021

Submit a 2-3 page paper in which you:

 

Identify the case you will be using for the final project

Describe the presenting problem(s)

Describe 2 goals for the client based on their presenting problem

Identify a specific peer-reviewed article and explain how it could inform understanding of the problem/population, development of goals, or intervention and treatment plan

Explain how ethnocentrism and racism may influence the case (make sure to draw from this week’s assigned readings)

 

Follow Rubric Detail

 

Responsiveness to Directions

13.5 (27%) – 15 (30%)

Assignment fully addresses all instruction prompts.

 

Content

18 (36%) – 20 (40%)

Paper demonstrates an excellent understanding of all of the concepts and key points presented in the text(s) and Learning Resources. Paper provides significant detail including multiple relevant examples, evidence from the readings and other sources, and discerning ideas. Paper demonstrates exemplary critical thought.

 

Writing

13.5 (27%) – 15 (30%)

Assignment is well organized, uses scholarly tone, follows APA style, uses original writing and proper paraphrasing, contains very few or no writing and/or spelling errors, and is fully consistent with graduate level writing style. Assignment contains multiple, appropriate and exemplary sources expected/required for the assignment.

 

 

 

Required Readings

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L.  (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

· Chapter 5, “Ethnocentrism and Racism” (pp. 233-281)

 

Melchert, T. P. (2015). Treatment planning. In Biopsychosocial practice: A science-based framework for behavioral health care (pp. 183-209). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

 

 

Cristol, D., & Gimbert, B. (2008). Racial perceptions of young children: A review of literature post-1999. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(2), 201–207

 

 

Priest, N., Paradies, Y., Trenerry, B., Truong, M., Karlsen, S., & Kelly, Y. (2013). A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people. Social Science & Medicine, 95, 115–127.

 

 

Svetaz, M. V., Chulani, V., West, K. J., Voss, R., Kelley, M. A., Raymond-Flesch, M., … & Barkley, L. (2018). Racism and its harmful effects on nondominant racial–ethnic youth and youth-serving providers: A call to action for organizational change: The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(2), 257-261.

 

 

Link for all articles:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1BgSevpeEtvMOMWuF0wXWwsCke7e9CtX1?usp=sharing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Week 8: Ethnocentrism and Racism: Impact on Development

Social workers should act to prevent and eliminate domination of, exploitation of, and discrimination against any person, group, or class on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, age, marital status, political belief, religion, or mental or physical disability.

—The National Association of Social Worker’s Code of Ethics (1999)

The development of adolescent minorities can be adversely affected when they are confronted with prejudice, discrimination, and oppression. It is nearly impossible for one to grow up with a sense of self-concept intact in a society that labels one inferior. Trying to establish one’s identity and place in the world becomes a burdensome challenge when surrounded by attitudes and behaviors that limit the ability to develop in socially and psychologically healthy ways. This week you examine the impact that ethnocentrism and racism have on the development of adolescents.

References

Zastrow, C. H., Kirst-Ashman, K. K., & Hessenauer, S. L.  (2019). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

 
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Health Class

Your assignment is to prepare and submit a paper on one of the listed subjects  .Your paper should be a minimum of 250 words in length (1-2 pages double-spaced), in 12 point, Times New Roman type, and meet the following minimum objectives:

1) provide a review, reflection, and response to the topic, which should involve learning from your readings and personal research, self-assessments, class activities; and/or any other engagement with the web links and other materials in this class;

2) provide an assessment of how you think the disease may have affected you, someone you know, or society in general, and how you can apply your present knowledge of the health risks associated with the disease; and,

3) provide some advice relating to this general topic of the disease that you might give yourself or others regarding the benefits of a pro-active approach to a healthy lifestyle.

Type and save file as word file and attach by deadline

Write your term paper on any of the following subjects:

  • Alzheimer Disease
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Crohns Disease
  • Meningitis
  • Bone Cancer

2.  Core objective:  A minimum 25 word interpretation of a data or graph artifact on a course related topic using standard written English in the comment section. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), recommends that adults ages 18 to 64 engage in regular aerobic physical activity for 2.5 hours at moderate intensity—or 1.25 hours at vigorous intensity—each week.  Moderate activities are those during which a person could talk but not sing. Vigorous activities are those during which a person could say only a few words without stopping for breath. Start here with your 25 word interpretation of this graph as it relates to the estimated possible health benefits of physical activity.

 
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