LOW:Explain Organisations need to make profit or provide a desired service to survive. Needs may be simple and few, such the case of communities in the Kalahari with a traditional lifestyle depending on nature and basic necessities to survive. In highly industrialised communities, needs may be numerous and require large and complex organisations to satisfy them. A need may have a physical, psychological or social origin, Physical needs include satisfying hunger and thirst a need for survival. Psychological needs are related to things that make life more pleasant but are not essential for survival, such as sports clubs, cultural events, or luxury articles such as cell phones, swimming pools, luxury cars. Clothes may be a basic protection against cold, but they are also a fashion statement – signalling that physical and psychological needs could vary from one individual to another. Communities do have collective needs such as protection, health and education. Expenditure on housing, water, electricity, gas and education increased sharply between 2005/6 and 2014/15. Other expenditure has decreased, such as household equipment, health, transport, recreation and alcoholic beverages. (Erasmus, Rudansky-Kloppers & Strydom. Introduction to Business Management. 11h Edition, p 11 – 12.)

Explain ager on how to improve current practices in the supply (8) (1) Question 4 [15] Read the scenario below and the relevant part of Chapter 12 in the textbook before attempting to answer the question. Organisations spend a substantial amount of their human resource budgets on training and developing their employees. However, due to Covid-19 restrictions, organisations must now think anew about how to train and develop employees effectively. They have to take into consideration that their income has declined; employees returning to offices must adhere to Covid-19 arrangements such as limiting numbers in meetings to not more than 100, social distancing and free flow of air. Some staff are still working from home using the internet and email. Yet organisations still need to retain talent and improve the knowledge and skills of their workforce. In table format, compare the methods used in on-the-job and away-from-the-job training, taking into consideration whether these training methods are useful or not during Covid-19 restrictions. Consider the need for a venue, the number of people usually involved in such training, and whether Covid-19 arrangements could be effective in training environments indicated in the Scenario above.