solution

1. Which conclusion about the behavioural approach to leadership is true?

task oriented behaviours are more beneficial to organizations than people oriented behaviours.
task oriented behaviours are less beneficial to organizations than people oriented behaviours.
both task oriented behaviours and people oriented behaviours are beneficial to organizations.
neither task oriented or people oriented behaviours are beneficial to organizations.
0.25 points
QUESTION 14
1. One of the leadership traits discussed in the textbook is intelligence. Two specific types of intelligence are presented:

) intuition and logic.

experience and critical thinking.

mental abilities and emotional intelligence
textbook knowledge and “street smarts”.
0.25 points
QUESTION 15
1. According to the path-goal theory of leadership, the directive leadership style will work well

when employees know exactly how to perform their jobs, but their jobs are unpleasant.
when employees have both high levels of ability and high levels of achievement motivation.
when employees have high levels of ability, and when the decisions made are personally relevant to them.

when employees are experiencing role ambiguity on the job.

0.25 points
QUESTION 16
1. Authentic leadership approach to leadership believes…

The best leaders are the ones who are able to be task-oriented

The best leaders are the ones who “be themselves”

The best leaders are the ones that have certain personality traits

The best leaders are the ones with charisma

 
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solution

1. Chen has been described by his employees as a leader who is able to have employees focus of the company’s well-being rather than personal self-interest. His employees have said he is very outgoing with a “magnetic” personality, and that he shows real care for and interest in each of his employees. Chen would likely be described as

a servant leader.
an authentic leader.

a transformational leader.
a transactional leader.
QUESTION 18
1. The effect of charisma can be magnified when:

There is stability in the environment
Leader is at the medium-level of the organization
Follower’s task is routine

Followers have low self-esteem or self-worth
0.25 points
QUESTION 19
1. Monte likes to lead by guiding his staff in the direction of established goals. He clarifies role requirements and focuses on emphasizing routine activities to ensure that they meet the status quo on a consistent basis. Monte’s leadership style is:

Transactional

Charismatic

Transformational
Autocratic
0.25 points
QUESTION 20
1. Certain leader traits seem to be universal around the world. Which of the following is one of these?

Achievement orientated behaviours

Visionary or charismatic

Outgoing or talkative

Emotional control through a monotone voice

 
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solution

QUESTION 13

Considering the following four Portfolios’ numbers, what would be the best choices for a risk-averse investor (maximizing return per risk) and a risk-neutral Investor (maximizing return only?

Assume the risk-free rate is 5%

Portfolio A has an expected return of 15% and a standard deviation of 2546
Portfolio B has an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 20%
Portfolio Chas an expected return of 20% and a standard deviation of 80%
Portfolio-D has an expected return of 5% and a standard deviation of 10%

O The risk averse investor would choose portfolio B.
The risk neutral investor would choose portfolio

O The risk-averse investor would choose portfolio C
The risk neutral investor would choose portfolio C.

O The risk-averse investor would choose portfolio D
The risk-neutral investor would choose portfolio A

O The risk-averse investor would choose portfolio A
The risk neutral investor would choose portfolio C
 
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solution

This study describes one local upper secondary school in Finland during the COVID-19 pandemic. All teaching was changed to distant for around two months. The study describes students’ and teachers’ perceptions during that time. Participants responded to the survey four times and freely described their experiences five times. The number of participants varied from 56 to 72 students and 9 to 15 teachers at different times. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and qualitative content analysis. The main findings indicate that distance teaching was implemented very successfully. However, open comments and cluster analysis revealed many challenges. Students complained of heavy workloads and fatigue. Some students lost motivation. These difficulties did not disappear over time. The main challenges for teachers included non- authentic interaction and a lack of the spontaneity that in-person teaching provides. Teachers quickly learned to use technological platforms, but interaction through it was not of as high quality. Teachers were also worried about students’ progress. Teachers did not recognize students’ heavy workload and motivation problems in the way that students described them. The study provides several recommendations for future remote teaching.Answer the following questions from the above text:Q.11 What is the aim of the study?Q.12 Can you say that the study is internally valid?Q.13 Can you say that study is externally valid?Q.14 What can be the possible influenced variable in the above study?
 
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